*헤르조그 세라믹 루프 리뉴얼 프로젝트 [ Herzog & de Meuron ] Museum der Kulturen

바쥴 뮤지엄 리뉴얼 프로젝트는 수평증축이 갖는 공간적
한계를 수직으로 바꾸는 동시에 그것을 풀어내는 테크놀로지의
디자인에서 부터 시작한다.
중세시대부터 자생된 도시공간은 현재의
프로그램과 생활패턴을 담지 못하고 확장을 요구하고 있다.
여기에 수평적 증축이 가져오는 아웃도어 스페이스의 감소는-
클러스터로 배치된 건물들은 내외부가 긴밀하게 연결되는
중정을 가지고 있다.- 또 다른 문제점을 야기한다.
도시 생태적 환경을 무시하는 증축은 기존 도시공간이 가지고 있던 틀을 깨버려
내부 공간과 긴밀하게 연결되어 있던
중정의 기능을 상실하는 그릇된 설계로 변질 될 수 있다.
이와는 반대로 수직으로 증축된 공간은
이전 도시환경을 존중하는 배려를 바탕으로 현대기술을 접목시킴으로써
고전에 대한 재해석의 과정을 통하게 된다.

이전 루프스케이프에 반하는 블링블링한 세라믹 타일은
진초록 컬러로 불규칙적인 형태를 보인다.
-하지만 자세히 들여다 보면 기존루프스케이프를 존중하는
방향으로 폴딩되어 있다.-
여기서 주목할 점은 루프스케이프를 만들어 내는 세라믹타일 자체가
구조체의 역활-갤러리 내부에 무주공간을 연출시킨다.-을 수행하는 동시에
디자인요소로써의 마감재 역활을 겸한다는 것이다.
그리고 이것을 가능케 하는 3차원 헥사곤 형태-3개의 방향으로 연결되는
 경제적인 가장 작은 모듈 중의 하나가 헥사곤의 형태이다. 아마 축구공의 패턴을 생각하면 쉬울 것이다.-
의 모듈은 기본 프레임을 베이스로 하여 물고기 비늘과 같이 연속된 패턴을 만들어 낸다.

도시를 읽어내느 것도 중요하지만 무엇을 디자인해야
기존공간이 가지고 있는 뉘앙스를 흐트려 뜨리지 않고
현재의 것으로 연결할 수 있을까?
그것이 건축이 가진 힘이지 아닐까?

reviewed by SJ


Architects Herzog & de Meuron have positioned a scaly crown over the top
of this Basel museum (photographs by Roland Halbe and Duccio Malagamba).

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The renovated Museum der Kulturen reopened in September and

exhibits ethnographic artefacts and images from around the world.

The architects added a new gallery floor to the building, beneath the irregularly folded

roof of shimmering ceramic tiles.

A steel framework supports the roof, creating a column-free exhibition area.

On the existing storeys the architects extended a selection of windows down

to ankle-height and removed a floor to create a new double-height gallery.

The entrance to the museum is relocated to the rear, where a courtyard slopes

downs to lead visitors inside.

Dezeen visited Basel back in October and talked to Herzog & de Meuron partner

Christine Binswanger about the recently opened museum – listen to the podcast here.

The Museum der Kulturen Basel goes back to the middle of the nineteenth century. Replacing the Augustinian monastery on the Münsterhügel, the classicist building by architect Melchior Berri opened in 1849. The “Universal Museum,” as it was then called, was the city’s first museum building. Designed to house both the sciences and the arts, it now holds one of the most important ethnographic collections in Europe thanks largely to continuing gifts and bequests. In 1917, with holdings of some 40,000 objects, an extension by architects Vischer & Söhne was added. A second extension was projected in 2001 to accommodate what had, by now, become holdings of some 300,000 objects. Modifications would include an entrance especially for the Museum, thereby giving it a new identity.

Extending the building horizontally would have meant decreasing the size of the courtyard, the Schürhof. Instead the Vischer building of 1917 has been given a new roof. Consisting of irregular folds clad in blackish green ceramic tiles, the roof resonates with the medieval roofscape in which it is embedded while functioning at the same time as a clear sign of renewal in the heart of the neighbourhood. The hexagonal tiles, some of them three-dimensional, refract the light even when the skies are overcast, creating an effect much like that of the finely structured brick tiles on the roofs of the old town. The steel framework of the folded roof allows for a column-free gallery underneath, an expressive space that forms a surprising contrast to the quiet, right-angled galleries on the floors below.

Up until now, the Museum der Kulturen and the Naturhistorisches Museum shared the same entrance on Augustinergasse. The former is now accessed directly from Münsterplatz through the previously inaccessible rear courtyard, the Schürhof. The courtyard, in its patchwork setting of the backs of medieval buildings, has now become an extension of the Münsterplatz. Part of the courtyard has been lowered and an expansive, gently inclined staircase leads down to the Museum entrance. Hanging plants and climbing vines lend the courtyard a distinctive atmosphere and, in concert with the roof, they give the Museum a new identity. We look forward to having the courtyard become a social meeting place for all kinds of Museum activities and celebrations.

The weighty, introverted impression of the building, initially concealing its invaluable contents, is reinforced by the façades, many of whose windows have been closed off, and by the spiral-shaped construction for the hanging vegetation mounted under the eaves of the cantilevered roof above the new gallery. This is countered, however, by the foundation, which is slit open the entire length of the building and welcomes visitors to come in. These architectural interventions together with the vegetation divide the long, angular and uniform Vischer building of 1917 into distinct sections. The white stairs, the roof overhang, the climbing plants, the series of windows in the “piano nobile” and the glazed base lend the courtyard direction and give the building a face.

The windows were closed up not just to enhance the weight and elegance of the building; the additional wall space provided by this measure was equally important. The few remaining openings have been enlarged and now extend to the floor. The window reveals are so deep that they form small alcoves that look out onto the old town.

The sequence of rooms follows the same pattern on all three gallery floors. Only two rooms stand out: on the second floor, directly above the entrance, a large room with windows on one side faces the courtyard. Further up, a ceiling has been removed, creating a two-story room with a narrow window slit, where larger objects in the collection can be displayed. Visitors can look down on this new anchor room from above, much like the room containing the Abelam House, thus also providing orientation within the Museum.

The renovation of the galleries followed similar principles throughout. The older rooms have classicist coffered ceilings; those added later have concrete beams in one direction only. With the goal of restoring the original structure of the rooms, dropped ceilings were removed and technical services integrated as discreetly as possible into existing architectural elements.

Project Name: Museum der Kulturen
Address: Münsterplatz 20, 4051 Basel, Switzerland
(formerly Augustinergasse 2)

Project Phases: Concept Design: 2001-2002
Schematic Design: 2003
Design Development: 2003-2004
Construction Documents: 2008-2010
Construction: 2008-2010
Completion: 2010
Opening: September 2011

Project Team 2008-2010 Partner: Jacques Herzog, Pierre de Meuron, Christine Binswanger
Project Architect: Martin Fröhlich (Associate), Mark Bähr, Michael Bär
Project Team: Piotr Fortuna, Volker Jacob, Beatus Kopp, Severin Odermatt, Nina Renner, Nicolas Venzin, Thomas Wyssen

Project Team 2001-2004 Partner: Jacques Herzog, Pierre de Meuron, Christine Binswanger
Project Architect: Jürgen Johner (Associate), Ines Huber
Project Team: Béla Berec, Giorgio Cadosch, Gilles le Coultre, Laura Mc Quary

from  dezeen