*건축의 과거와 미래를 연결하다: BIG HQ [ BIG ] The New Copenhagen Headquarters

"건축은 단순히 건물을 짓는 것이 아니다. 그것은 우리의 미래를 설계하는 것이다." 렘 쿨하스(Rem Koolhaas)

건축의 과거와 미래를 연결하다: BIG HQ  BIG-The New Copenhagen Headquarters

Bjarke Ingels Group(BIG)의 새 코펜하겐 본사는 지속 가능성과 혁신적 디자인의 새로운 기준을 제시합니다. 덴마크의 저명한 건축가 Bjarke Ingels가 2005년에 설립한 이 건축 스튜디오는 독창적이고 미래지향적인 설계로 세계적으로 인정받아 왔습니다. 2023년에 공개된 이 본사는 BIG의 설계 철학을 집대성한 작품으로, 환경적 책임과 다학제적 접근법을 융합하여 코펜하겐 Nordhavn의 산업 항구에 새로운 생명을 불어넣고 있습니다.

건물의 입지와 설계 철학
BIG의 본사는 코펜하겐 Nordhavn에 위치한 좁은 부두에 자리 잡고 있습니다. 이 지역은 과거 산업 항구로 사용되었던 공간으로, BIG는 지역의 역사적 맥락을 고려한 설계를 통해 과거와 미래를 연결했습니다. 본사는 BIG’s LEAPP(조경, 엔지니어링, 건축, 계획, 제품 디자인) 접근법의 첫 구현 사례 중 하나로, 다양한 분야의 전문성을 결합하여 효율적이고 혁신적인 디자인을 창출했습니다. 이 건물은 Nordhavn 재개발의 중심으로 지역 경제와 사회적 기여를 확대하는 데 중요한 역할을 하고 있습니다.

건축적 요소

지속 가능성을 위한 Uni-Green 콘크리트
이 건물은 Uni-Green 콘크리트를 활용하여 혁신적인 지속 가능성 전략을 실현하며, 이는 기존 건축 자재 대비 25% 이상의 CO₂ 배출 감축 효과를 거두었습니다. 건축가는 이러한 재료가 건물의 외관뿐 아니라 내부 온도 조절 및 에너지 효율성에서도 큰 기여를 한다고 강조했습니다.
BIG 본사는 혁신적인 Uni-Green 콘크리트를 사용하여 CO₂ 배출을 약 25% 줄였습니다. 이 콘크리트는 기존의 시멘트 클링커를 소성 점토와 석회 충전재로 대체해 환경에 미치는 영향을 최소화했습니다. 추가적으로 빛 반사를 최소화하고 열 효율성을 높이는 유리 기술이 사용되었습니다.

조경과 자연과의 조화
설계자는 풍부한 식생과 조경 디자인을 통해 건물이 주변 환경과 자연스럽게 융화되도록 했으며, 이를 통해 지역 주민들에게 지속 가능성과 친환경 공간을 제공하고 있습니다. 또한, 외부 계단은 조경과 통합되어 도시에서 보기 드문 자연과의 긴밀한 연결을 만들어냅니다. 옥상 테라스는 지역 제재소에서 지속 가능하게 조달한 목재로 포장되어 있으며, 도시와 항구의 파노라마 뷰를 제공합니다. 옥상과 주변 공원은 지역 주민들에게 개방되어 공공과의 상호 작용을 촉진합니다.

디자인 디테일
Piranesi 영감을 받은 내부 공간
내부 공간의 디자인은 건축적 역사와 현대적 기술을 융합하는 방향으로 진행되었습니다. 특히, 북유럽 석재로 제작된 중심 기둥과 강철 계단은 내부 공간에 독특한 분위기와 구조적 아름다움을 부여하며, 공간의 기능성과 미학을 동시에 강화합니다.

외부 나선형 계단과 야외 테라스
건물 외벽에는 140미터 길이의 나선형 계단이 설치되어 있으며, 이 계단은 건물의 각 층을 연결하면서도 동시에 야외 테라스를 제공합니다. 북쪽 면의 엘리베이터와 보조 계단의 배치는 전통적인 코어 구조를 제거하여 내부 작업 공간의 유연성과 자연 채광을 극대화합니다. 외부 계단은 공기 흐름을 최적화하여 냉방 및 환기에 긍정적인 영향을 미칩니다.

환경적 지속 가능성
에너지 효율성
BIG 본사는 태양광 및 지열 에너지를 활용하여 에너지 요구량의 60%를 충족합니다. 지열 시스템은 건물 난방의 84%와 모든 냉방을 제공합니다. 이와 함께 자연 환기 시스템은 수동적 기후 제어를 지원하여 에너지 효율성을 더욱 높였습니다. 이러한 기술들은 건물의 전체적인 지속 가능성을 높이는 데 크게 기여합니다.

공공과의 연결
공공 공원과 조경 설계
이 프로젝트는 지역 사회와의 상호작용을 촉진하기 위해 설계되었습니다. 공원은 단순한 녹지 공간을 넘어 지역 주민과 방문객들이 함께 사용할 수 있는 복합 공간으로 디자인되었으며, 이는 현대 건축이 지역 사회에 어떻게 기여할 수 있는지를 보여주는 사례입니다.

건물의 기반에는 과거 주차 공간을 1,500제곱미터 규모의 공공 공원으로 탈바꿈시켰습니다. 공원은 소나무와 참나무 같은 지역 수종으로 조성되었으며, 미국 예술가 Benjamin Langholz의 조각품이 이 공간의 중심을 장식합니다. 이 공원은 지역 주민과 방문객들에게 자연과 소통할 수 있는 특별한 장소를 제공합니다.

결론
BIG 본사의 설계와 실행은 건축적 혁신의 새로운 표준을 제시하며, 미래 지향적이고 지역 사회에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 모델로 자리잡았습니다. 이를 통해 건축이 단순한 물리적 공간을 넘어 지속 가능성과 공공의 가치를 강조할 수 있음을 보여줍니다. 사회적 책임을 융합한 새로운 건축 모델을 제시합니다. 혁신적인 디자인과 환경적 기여를 통해 BIG는 건축이 어떻게 미래를 형성하고 사회적 가치를 창출할 수 있는지를 보여줍니다. 이 본사는 단순한 작업 공간 그 이상으로, 도시와 자연, 인간과 환경을 연결하는 플랫폼으로서 작용하고 있습니다. 특히, 지역 역사와 문화적 중요성을 존중하며, 공공의 이익과 지속 가능한 발전에 기여하고 있습니다.
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BIG Vision, BIG Impact_The New Copenhagen Headquarters of Bjarke Ingels Group

Since founding his eponymous practice in 2005, Danish architect Bjarke Ingels has gained a reputation for pushing boundaries, merging form and function to deliver imaginative, forward thinking architecture. With an emphasis on unconventional, sustainable, and ambitious designs, BIG - Bjarke Ingels Group has grown into one of the most influential architecture practices of the 21st century, with offices in seven cities around the world. The unveiling of BIG’s new headquarters in Copenhagen earlier in the year is the culmination of this design philosophy, embodying its ethos of interdisciplinary innovation and environmental responsibility.

Situated on a narrow pier in Nordhavn, Copenhagen’s old industrial harbour, the seven story building is one of the studio’s first realized examples of BIG’s LEAPP approach—a collaborative design process that harmonizes the firm’s Landscape, Engineering, Architecture, Planning, and Product Design teams. Built with Uni-Green concrete, an innovative material developed to reduce CO₂ emissions, the seven-story building, home to BIG’s 300 Copenhagen-based employees, pays homage to the area’s industrial history, while exemplifying the firm’s forward-looking approach to sustainability. With a profusion of vegetation integrated throughout, the building is also a masterclass in blending natural and urban environments, not to mention an inspiring environment to work in.

Visitors enter the building through a striking three-metre-tall glass door into a Piranesi inspired space that reveals the inner workings of the building across all seven floors. A zig-zagging central staircase, crafted from blackened steel, visually and physically connects each level, creating a sculptural pathway through the open interior. At the heart of this space stands a single load-bearing stone column crafted from six different types of Scandinavian rock, ranging from dense granite at the base to porous marble at the top. An impressive engineering feat, the totem-like column rotates on each floor to align with the beams that it supports.

Equally ingenious is the 140-metre long external staircase that spirals around the building from the quayside all the way to the rooftop terrace. This staircase enables movement between floors along the building’s exterior, functioning as a secondary fire escape while also providing each level with an outdoor terrace. Together with the placement of vertical circulation elements, such as the elevator and secondary staircase, along the building’s northern edge, this design eliminates the need for a traditional core structure, allowing the primary workspaces to remain fluid and expansive, maximizing natural light and unobstructed views.

Along the outdoor staircase, a variety of wind-tolerant trees, shrubs, perennials, and herbs some of which are used in the studio’s canteen—soften the building’s concrete mass. The rooftop terrace, paved with sustainably sourced wood from a local sawmill, extends the natural theme, offering an inviting space where employees and guests can enjoy panoramic views of the city and harbour. At the building’s base, BIG’s Landscape team has transformed a former parking area into a 1,500-square-metre public park featuring native forest trees such as pines and oaks, among which lies a sculpture by American artist Benjamin Langholz, consisting of 40 stones arranged in a spiral form.

As expected, BIG’s new headquarters demonstrates strong environmental credentials, beginning with its pioneering use of Uni-Green concrete a material developed with Unicon that reduces CO₂ emissions by roughly 25% compared to traditional concrete by replacing part of the cement clinker with calcined clay and lime filler. Moreover, the building is powered by a combination of solar and geothermal energy, covering 60% of its energy needs with renewables. Geothermal systems supply 84% of the building’s heat and all of its cooling, while natural ventilation supports passive climate control.

Blending structural ingenuity, environmental commitment, and contextual sensitivity, BIG’s new Copenhagen headquarters exemplifies the firm’s innovative approach to architecture, setting a new standard for sustainable and socially engaged design.

from yatzer