*마이애미 비치 파크 [ Hargreaves Associates ] South Pointe Park

아웃도어 스페이스를 디자인할때 당신은 무엇을 먼저 고려하는가?
개인적인 사견으로는 주위환경이 내포하고 있는 프로그램을 이해하고
그것들의 관계성을 잘 연결시켜주는 것이 가장 중요하다고 생각된다.
건축가, 디자이너들이 갖는 그릇된 아웃도어 스페이스에 대한
편견은 그래서 깨져야 한다.
건물로 부터 연결되어야 하고 그렇게 연결된 루트는
기능적으로 연결되고 그 나머지 공간은 장식적으로 페이빙 또는
조경으로 처리한다.
(랜드스케이프 또한 조경전문가에게 맡겨버린다.
그러면 당신은 건물만 디자인하면 되는가?
아니 건물 앞 공개공지까지만 당신의 영역이라고
생각하는가?)
기능적인 연결이 중요하지만 전체 공간을 읽고
공간에 대한 유기적인 조닝과 배치 그리고
이것들을 연결해주는 다양한 연결고리를
계획함으로써 아웃도어 스페이스 디자인에
힘이 생겼으면 좋겠다.

여기 마이애미 해변가에 계획된 사우스 포인트 파크는
외부공간 계획에 대해 노출빈도가 적은 디자이너에게
조금은 공부해 볼 필요가 있어 보인다.

그럼,당신이 고려해야 것들은 무엇이 있을까?
도시(역사), 크루즈 승객(시간) 그리고 해변가(장소)
중요한 3개의 지점을 연결하는 공원 프로젝트는
생태학적으로나 기능적으로 외부공간의
다양성을 수반하는 동시에 주변과의 커뮤니티 공간으로써
그 기능을 수행하여야 한다.
또한 공원내 주요포인트에 심어 있는
각각의 프로그램(탁아시설, 휴식공간, 카페, 관리시설물)을
유기적으로 연결시키며 각 구역별로 조닝 및 분리하여야 한다.
기능적인 패스이외에 산책로는 아틀란틱 오션의
아름다운 뷰를 감상 할 수 있는 뷰포인트도 담아야 한다.
  그리고 이곳 지역에 알맞는 식생계획은
랜드스케이핑을 넘어 우수에 대한 배수와
해풍에 대한 방지 그리고 허리케인과 같은
자연재해에 대하여서도 방지 할 수 있어야 한다.

이와같은 고려사항의 해답은 여기 사우스 포이트 파크에 디자인되어 있다.
물론 당신이 더 좋은 해답을 갖고 있을 수 있지만
좋은 사례를 연구하고 참조하는 것도 많은 도움이 될 것이다.

reviewed by SJ

The revitalization of this underutilized public park transforms it into a neighborhood and regional destination through the integration of diversified urban park programs, regional gardens and restored native habitats, and the connection with urban circulation systems. By unifying its three edges – urban, cruise ship passage and beach – it becomes a center that, through the resolution of overlapping cultural, programmatic and environmental requirements, will contribute to the open space life in Miami for decades to come.

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Landscape Architect: Hargreaves Associates, Inc.
Location: Miami Beach, Florida, USA
Local Landscape Architect: Savino Miller Design Studio
Architect: William Lane Architects
Photographs: Courtesy of Hargreaves Associates

South Pointe Park creates an animated and ecologically sensitive community park in lively and flamboyant South Beach. The park is a redesign of an existing 19 acre park along Government Cut, an artificial inlet to Biscayne Bay at the Atlantic Ocean coast. The now 22 acre park positions two corresponding circulation paths – the Serpentine Walk and the Cut Walk – across its length to provide critical regional connections and views out to Government Cut and the Atlantic Ocean. The paths connect to both the Baywalk that traverses the Biscayne Bay coast, and the Beach Walk which provides access along the Atlantic Ocean. The 1800 foot long linear Cutwalk, a waterfront promenade along Government Cut, acts as a datum, rising between 12-18” above the grade of the park across its length. The height of the path gives it the heft of a sculptural object and sets it apart from the surface of the park. Constructed from Dominican Keystone, a stone of fossilized coral, the materiality suggests the natural processes of the adjacent sea. From the park, the path is perceived both as object and line, while the experience on the path heightens the sense of spectatorship. This pathway encourages the theater of the promenade, and provides the ideal viewing platform for the massive cruise ships entering and leaving Biscayne Bay.

In counterpoint to the strong linear move of the Cutwalk, a serpentine landform with leisurely twists and turns begins at the Atlantic Ocean Beach Walk, rises up to allow dramatic views out to the Atlantic Ocean, and access to the top of the pavilion structure and continues west until it meets the Bay Walk. The landform encourages spirited movement along it, and the heightened experience of an ever-changing visual field of movement is enlivened and enthralling. The twisting of the landform is echoed as a motif throughout the park in smaller garden areas. Sinuous bands of native dune plantings on the ocean side of the serpentine landform are contrasted with abstracted dune landforms and palm trees on the inside slope of the serpentine. A smaller garden area of coastal hammock plantings of native ground covers, palms and deciduous trees echo the twisting path of the landform. A bosque of palms with understory grasses and ferns creates a buffer to the urban context along the northern edge of the park. The design integrates the park into the urban fabric by extending two major streets – Washington Avenue and Ocean Drive – into the park with generous hardscape entry plazas.

At the interior of the park a pavilion with café and facilities creates a point of rest. A seatwall amphitheater creates an informal staging area and seating overlooking the water playground. The park also features three areas of open lawn which support free and flexible program. These areas of lawn are planted with salt tolerant turfgrasses to withstand active use and are engineered to retain water after tropical storm events. Mature trees from the site were stored during construction and then replanted on the lawn, achieving an immediate visual impact at the opening of the park. Another design challenge was to integrate the existing restaurant within the park as it provides revenue for the city’s ongoing maintenance of the park. In order to bring vehicular access and parking close to the restaurant, the design creates an urban entrance edge. Also outdoor dining terraces flank the Cut Walk, emphasizing the circulation of the park while accommodating the restaurant programming within it.

Materials/Installation Methods
The selection of project materials was significantly influenced by the project context with particular emphasis was placed on constructing the park with high-quality materials that reflect the City’s growing prominence as an international destination. Also, the park’s context at the edge of the Atlantic Ocean and the pervasive humid, sub-tropical climate of South Florida required the selection of durable materials that have the capacity to withstand not only heavy, urban park use, but also the strong erosive forces of the coastal environment, such as salt spray, hurricane force winds and tropical storm deluges. Materials and finishes adapted to both contexts such as marine-grade stainless steel with high-quality finishes to deter advanced weathering due to salt spray and the use of wood was limited to sustainably-harvested ipe, to withstand wide and rapid fluctuations in moisture while providing a long lifespan in an environment where other woods would be subject to advanced rot and decay. Paving materials were designed for long-term durability but to also reflect the regional geomorphology. Dominican keystone, shell aggregate concrete paving, and coquina pathways draw visual and tactile connections to the larger geologic context underpinning the site. The planting palette focuses on regional, endemic plant communities. The planting design reflects the park’s various program uses while creating a simple and powerful visual language to define park spaces

The Park’s immediate adjacency to sensitive environments required extensive coordination with local and state agencies to ensure compliance with the stringent coastal and environmental permitting requirements. Buildings and structures were designed to safely accommodate coastal storms and hurricane forces. Grading and earthwork included the use of indigenous limerock for subgrade construction and beach-quality sand in areas of beach dune restoration. Custom site lighting was designed to provide a signature night-time experience and announce the point of passage to cruise ships and they signify the annual phenomena of sea turtles retuning to the beach to nest. During the six month turtle nesting season, pylon lights change to an amber long wavelength light which does not interfere with hatchlings and their return to the ocean.

Sustainability Design & Regenerative Planting
Given the project’s immediate adjacency to sensitive coastal hydrology and includes an integrated system of rainwater collection and harvesting. Nearly all the rainwater that falls on the 22-acre site is harvested and retained on site. To address the seasonal sub-tropical rainfalls of south Florida, site grading was utilized to direct surface flow during small rain events into large areas of native plantings, which allow for infiltration and to minimize reliance on traditional drainage structures. During 25-year or greater storm events, lawn areas serve as temporary detention basins that replenish deep aquifers (through injection wells) and thereby prevent stormwater from entering the Ocean, Bay or Inlet.

The planting design concept reflects the park’s various program uses while creating a simple and powerful visual language to define these park spaces. To achieve an immediate visual impact, over 450 existing trees and palms were transplanted to an on-site nursery then relocated once major construction was completed. The park’s active recreation zones were planted with Seashore Paspalum, a drought and salt tolerant grass, and embraced by an informal massing of native Sabal Palms and Coconut Palms. Along the ocean side, a series of man-made dunes and coquina shell paths lead through masses of native/xeric coastal vegetation, including Sea Oats, Railroad Vine, Gaillardia, Necklace Pod and Yucca species. Along the north promenade to the Beach, a series of planted bosques buffers the view both to and from the adjacent residential development, and is designed to augment the native habitat of the more informally planted hammock areas. The Ocean Drive Promenade is planted with native Green Buttonwoods, and alternating bands of flowering native groundcovers.

from  archdaily