병원 건축의 가장 주요한 건축적 특징은 개별적인 프로그램; 분과동의 각각 고유한 자립성 확보와 각 분과동의 원활한 소통을 위한 효율적인 동선체계 구축에 있다. 동-서축의 장축 방향으로 건축물은 크게 외부공간과 내부공간으로 구분되며 이에 수직되는 방향으로 각 분과동이 배치 된다.
정렬된 분과동은 4.2미터 간격으로 중정을 형성, 내부공간의 쾌적한 환경 구축을 위한 채광, 환기를 확보 한다. 그리고 이렇게 분리된 '기능적 컨테이너'는 2중으로 구성된 순환동선으로 연결된다.
메가 스트럭쳐로 구성된 단일 볼륨이 가지는 장점과 이와같이 분리된 건축에는 확연한 차이점이 있다. 실 내부는 단순히 조닝으로 구분될 것이 아니라 실 거주자의 거주환경을 고려하여 일정 크기로 나누어주고 그리고 이것들을 다시 효율적으로 연결하는 동선체계로 구분하는 것이 건축이 지향해야할 점이 아닐까 싶다.
reviewed by SJ
The building structures itself around an orientation axis East – West
and acts as a dividing line between the most external zones and the most
internal ones. (Technical Block) This axis contains two circulation
lines separated by a fringe in which are located the vertical elevators
nucleus (restricted area) and stairways in such a way that the nucleus
situated to the North joins across the medical consults zone and bureaus
( half public controlled access) and the rear one that joins the
assistance areas of the technical block (restricted area).
Architects: PardoTapia Arquitectos
Location: San Sebastián, Gipuzkoa, Spain
Area: 126,790 sqm
Year: 2007
Photographs: Luis Fernández Inglada
Athors: Pardo Calvo, Bernardo García Tapia, Luis Fernández Inglada, Juan José Arévalo Camacho, Eduardo Herráez Fernández
Technical Architect: Iván González Arias, María José Puerta Morante, Pedro Montes Barbero
Instalations: Ove Arup & Partners, S.A.U.
Structure: NECSO-PONDIO-VALLADARES
Collaborators: Stefano Presi (coordinador); StefaniaAlbiero
On each side of this axis are perpendicular connected “functional
containers” separated by courtyards fringes. Those situated to the north
are adapted for doctor´s offices and bureaus. This process hollow empty
is repeated along the north fringe of the building creating another
double circulation that joins in the upper side these blocks, it is use
36 containers as the related before in the three floors of this building
zone for solving the PF of the ambulatories zones.
The preceding arrangement interrupts towards the west wing generating a
large vacuum “Mayor Square” that connects with the parking area by means
of a ramp and elevators, this square is traversed for a covered gallery
enabling to cross the building fringe in which are the external
doctor´s offices and access to the main axis where it is located the
technical block. At the end of this square it is located the
Rehabilitation service with a direct access from the outside.
The fringe of the “functional containers” of the technical block is
solved using an element of 18 m. per 25,20 m. width. The grouping
(modules) according to the upright coordinate axis “Y”, of this element
separated by courtyards of 4,20 m.width, allows to use a block of 66,20
m. long and 25,20 m. width (5 modules) or another of 44,40 m. long and
25,20 m width (1 module) for all the technical block areas; there are 13
largest containers and 4 of the smallest for solving all the program of
the Technical Block.
These blocks are separated by non-building fringes (courtyards) of 10,80 m. width that can be constructed in ground floor as the way of Emergencies, or connect themselves indistinctly trough catwalks for creating services with major surface requirements in the different floors of the building.
from archdaily