국제현상을 통해 새롭게 재구성된 리버풀 에브리맨 극장은 변화하는 주변 어반컨텍스트를 투영한 도시공용 문화 공간으로 시민들을 위한 다양한 편의시설 및 공용공간이 확충된다. 재단장한 400석 규모의 오디토리움과 소규모 퍼포먼스 및 디벨롭 스페이스 그리고 대형 리허설룸이 문화지원시설로 제공되며 건축물을 배후에서 지원하는 백그라운드 스페이스가 추가로 증축된다. 공공예술과의 협업을 통해 진행된 주출입구 파사드 디자인은 눈길을 끄는 독특한 연출로 극장이 지향하는 문화와 예술의 소통공간을 명확히 드러낸다.
reviewed by SJ,오사
The Liverpool Everyman is a new theatre, won in open European
competition, for an internationally regarded producing company. The
scope of work includes a 400 seat adaptable auditorium, a smaller
performance and development space, a large rehearsal room, public
foyers, exhibition spaces, catering and bar facilities, along with
supporting offices, workshops and ancillary spaces. The entire facade is
a large, collaborative work of public art. The design combines
thermally massive construction with a series of natural ventilation
systems and low energy technical infrastructures to achieve a BREEAM
Excellent rating for this complex and densely inhabited urban building.
Architect: Haworth Tompkins
Interiors and Furniture Design: Haworth Tompkins with Katy Marks at citizens design bureau
Client: Liverpool and Merseyside Theatres Trust
Contractor: Gilbert-Ash
Project Manager: GVA Acuity
Quantity Surveyor: Gardiner & Theobald
Theatre Consultant: Charcoalblue
Structural Engineer: Alan Baxter & Associates
Service Engineer: Watermans Building Services
CDM Coordinator: Turner and Townsend
Acoustic Engineer: Gillieron Scott Acoustic Design
Catering Consultant: Keith Winton Design
Access Consultant: Earnscliffe Davies Associates
Collaborating Artist: Antoni Malinowski
Typographer: Jake Tilson
Portrait Photographer: Dan Kenyon
The Everyman holds an important place in Liverpool culture. The original
theatre, converted from the 19th century Hope Hall chapel, had served
the city well as a centre of creativity, conviviality and dissent (often
centred in its subterranean Bistro) but by the new millennium the
building was in need of complete replacement to serve a rapidly
expanding production and participation programme. Haworth Tompkins'
brief was to design a technically advanced and highly adaptable new
theatre that would retain the friendly, demotic accessibility of the old
building, project the organisation's values of cultural inclusion,
community engagement and local creativity, and encapsulate the
collective identity of the people of Liverpool. The new building
occupies the same sensitive, historic city centre site in Hope Street,
immediately adjacent to Liverpool's Catholic cathedral and surrounded by
18th and 19th century listed buildings, so a balance of sensitivity and
announcement in the external public realm was a significant design
criterion. Another central aspect of the brief was to design an urban
public building with exceptional energy efficiency both in construction
and in use.
The building makes use of the complex and constrained site geometry by
arranging the public spaces around a series of half levels, establishing
a continuous winding promenade from street to auditorium. Foyers and
catering spaces are arranged on three levels including a new Bistro,
culminating in a long piano nobile foyer overlooking the street. The
auditorium is an adaptable thrust stage space of 400 seats, constructed
from the reclaimed bricks of Hope Hall and manifesting itself as the
internal walls of the foyers. The building incorporates numerous
creative workspaces, with a rehearsal room, workshops, a sound studio, a
Writers' Room overlooking the foyer, and EV1 - a special studio
dedicated to the Young Everyman Playhouse education and community
groups. A diverse disability group has monitored the design from the
outset.
Externally, local red brick was selected for the walls and four large
ventilation stacks, giving the building a distinct silhouette and
meshing it into the surrounding architecture. The main west-facing
facade of the building is as a large-scale public work of art consisting
of 105 moveable metal sunshades, each one carrying a life-sized,
water-cut portrait of a contemporary Liverpool resident. Working with
Liverpool photographer Dan Kenyon, the project engaged every section of
the city's community in a series of public events, so that the completed
building can be read as a collective family snapshot of the population
in all its diversity. Typographer and artist Jake Tilson created a
special font for a new version of the iconic red 'Everyman' sign, whilst
regular collaborating visual artist Antoni Malinowski made a large
painted ceiling piece for the foyer, to complement an internal palette
of brickwork, black steel, oak, reclaimed Iroko, deeply coloured plywood
and pale in situ concrete.
The Everyman has been conceived from the outset as an exemplar of
sustainable good practice. An earlier feasibility study had included a
much larger and more expensive building on a new site, but Haworth
Tompkins argued for the importance of continuity and compactness on the
original site. Carefully dismantling the existing structure, all the
nineteenth century bricks were salvaged for reuse as the shell of the
new auditorium and recycled the timbers of the roof structure. By making
efficient use of the site footprint Haworth Tompkins avoided the need
to acquire a bigger site and demolish more adjoining buildings. Together
with the client team they distilled the space brief into its densest
and most adaptable form.
Having minimised the space and material requirement of the project, the fabric was designed to achieve a BREEAM Excellent rating, unusual for an urban theatre building. Natural ventilation for the main performance and workspaces is achieved via large roof vents and underfloor intake plenums, using thermal mass for pre-cooling, and the foyers are vented via opening screens and a large lightwell. The fully exposed concrete structure (with a high percentage of cement replacement) and reclaimed brickwork walls provide excellent thermal mass, while the orientation and fenestration design optimise solar response - the entire west facade is designed as a large screen of moveable sunshades. Offices and ancillary spaces are ventilated via opening windows.
The building has taken almost a decade of intensive teamwork to conceive, achieve consensus, fundraise, design and build, and the design will ensure a long future life of enjoyment by a diverse population of artists, audiences and staff.
from dezeen