*클러스터 공동주택 [ OBR ] Milanofiori Housing Complex

도시와 자연의 양면성을 같이 품다.
주변경관의 특성을 따라 자연스럽게 클러스터 형태로
배치한 공동주택의 디자인은 인공과 자연요소를 나무의
광합성작용 같이 새로운 유기적 공간으로
탈바꿈 시킨다.
두개의 파사드( 아웃사이드 파사드, 이너사이드 파사드)는
각각 도시와 내부중정(자연)과 관계를 맺으며, 각기 다른 얼굴로
표현된다.
수평과 직선, 그리고 미니멀한 우드프레임의 디자인코드는
아웃사이드 파사드에 적용되어 도시 컨텍스트와 관계를 맺는다.
이와는 반대로 클러스터에 면한 이너파사드는 유리를 점진적으로
오버랩하며 유기적인 디자인코드로 구성한다. 이것은 자연과 건축공간(인공)의
경계를 완충시켜주며 내외부를 통섭시킨다.
소통과 확장의 공간은 투명한 유리를 사용함으로써 한층더 내외부 관계를
투명하게 만든다.
건축과 자연의 이율배반적인 관계에서 오는 차이를 좁히는 것은 건축가와 디자이너의
공간에 대한 최소한의 예의가 아닐까 싶다.

reviewed by SJ

The Milanofiori housing complex is part of the master plan by Erick van Egeraat characterized by a series of functions (offices, hotels, restaurants, cinemas, leisure, residences) that define together a cluster whose elements appear to follow the characteristics of the surrounding landscape creating a public park as the extension of the existing forest. The design seeks the symbiosis between architecture and landscape, so that the synthesis of artificial and natural elements could define the quality of living and the sense of belonging by the inhabitants.

The interface between the building and the garden becomes the field where interaction between man and environment takes place. This interface is defined by the "C" form of the complex which encompasses the public park, and by the porosity from interior to exterior that characterizes all 107 apartments.

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The two facades are designed differently: the one facing the street outside is more urban, and the  one towards the inner park is more organic.

The design of the urban facade stimulates a sense of belonging thanks to the composition of white frames which identify separately the units. These frames include vertical wooden panels of different widths which can slide across the frames and control the inner light as necessary.

The organic facade overlooking  the garden features double glazed bioclimatic greenhouses.

The co-planarity between the glass of the greenhouse and the glass guardrail covering the string-course  creates an effect where the shape of the construction and the background merge and reverse their roles constantly, producing kaleidoscopic effects overlapping the reflection of the public garden outside with the transparency of the private garden inside.

The geometry of the building is shaped by translation of the upper levels in line with positions of optimum solar exposure and by tapering of the external terraces in order to increase introspection among residents. The winter garden has a double value: an environmental value in providing a buffer zone which allows  thermal regulation, and an architectural value in allowing extension of the interior living space towards the exterior landscape (and vice versa) permitting different uses from summer to winter.

Through the overlap of different natural layers (the public park, the open terraces and the winter gardens) the project seeks a kind of a holism of nature, where various personal interactions of these natural layers create an intensive landscape that is directly and personally customized by each resident.

In line with ever changing developments in contemporary living, the porosity of the architecture makes Milanofiori residential complex an evolving organism, in perpetual change, preferring the dynamic exchange between architecture and nature and stimulating the interaction between man and environment.

The Milanofiori project investigates new ways of contemporary living by developing three themes.

Nomadic and sedentary. Contemporary life brings each of us to live a house as a place where you come from and where you come back to, in a continuous alternation of time and space. 

This means that sedentary and nomadic attitude coexists in our every day living experience.

To express this duality it is not enough to think just in terms of housing types that meet the most varied requirements of all possible users. It is needed instead a paradigm shift that lies in reversing the direction of the discussion: from the house as an object to the inhabitant as the subject.

Living in the garden. Breaking free from the presence of the hypertrophic "house", the dwelling is thought more as the expression of the site as a whole, rather than a physical place. This is not simply blurring the distinction between inside / outside, but finding the continuum in which space and time are unified in one entity that cannot be separated. To do this we need to think of an opportunity: the garden. In the garden space and time are unified, they become continuous, recovering - evoking - the essential meaning of living in the sense of "taking care".

From collective complex to "polyvalent-interconnected system”. The project involves a series of open spaces for social interaction in synergy with other parts of the cluster. In this sense, the typical user lives an "interconnected life", with multiple possibilities of movement even within the same cluster. We try to overcome the concept of "Unity" (d'Habitation) in favor of a polyvalent system that overcomes the typical nuclear family separation between housing and workplace imposed by the industrial civilization, towards new models of mutual relations, trade and transversality.

Project Details:

Project title: MILANOFIORI

OBR design team: Paolo Brescia e Tommaso Principi, Chiara Pongiglione, Francois Doria, Laura Anichini, Silavia Becchi, Antonio Bergamasco, Paolo Caratozzolo Nota, Giulia D’Ettorre, Julissa Gutarra, Leonardo Mader, Elena Mazzocco, Margherita Menardo, Paolo Salami, Izabela Sobieraj, Paula Vier, Francesco Vinci, Fabio Valido, Barbara Zuccarello

Project team: OBR S.r.l., Favero & Milan Ingegneria S.p.A., Studio Ti S.r.l., Buro Happold Ltd, Vittorio Grassi

Site surveyor: Favero & Milan Ingegneria S.p.A., Alessandro Bonaventura

Project management: P&P S.r.l., Luigi Pezzoli

Client: Milanofiori 2000 S.r.l., Gruppo Cabassi

Location: Assago, Milano, Italy

Dimensions: site area 30,000 sqm, built area 27,400 sqm (107 apartments)

Contractor: Marcora S.p.A. – Cile S.p.A.

Chronology:
2005 Design competition (1st prize)
2005 Preliminary design
2006 Definitive project
2007 Construction documents
2010 Realized

Award:
2010 European 40 Under 40, Madrid
2011 Leaf Awards, Residential Building of the Year finalist, London

from  bustler