*난징 드럼 타워 병원 [ Lemanarc SA ] Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital

중국에 유명한 병원 중 하나인 난징 드럼 타워 병원의 확장 프로젝트는 증가하는 도시인구에 대한 체계적인 병원진료를 위해 진행된다. 2800개의 베드, 1600개의 병실 그리고 하루동안 만명의 외래진료를 감당 할 수 있는 병원시설로의 확충은 Zhongshan도로와 Tianjin도로 사이 32,000m² 대지위에 88층, 420미터 높이의 진마오 타워과 맞먹는 규모로 진행된다. 여기서 난징 드럼 타워 병원은 일반적인 하이라이즈 병원과 같이 수직으로 공간을 적층하는 것이 아니라 연속된 수평공간을 확보, 계획한다. 레벨로 나뉘어 필수 불가결하게 발생하는 부대공간을 줄이는 동시에 병원진료의 기능을 효율적으로 관리한다. 여기에 각 공간들을 버퍼하는 크고 작은 공용공간; 가든 또는 홀을 조닝한다.그리고 또한 건축물의 도시적 어반 캐릭터를 구축하는 외피 디자인을 통하여 외부로는 도시와의 관계성을 맺고 내부로는 각 실마다 작은 작은 정원을 만들어 심신의 안정을 꾀한다. 진료 및 치료에 목적을 두는 다분히 기능공간인 병원시설이 추구해야 하는 것은 공간의 기능보다 환자들의 심신을 안정을 도모하는 힐링 스페이스가 목적이 되어야 한다.

reviewed by SJ

Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, founded by Canadian Missionary Dr. Macklin, is located in the downtown center of Nanjing city. It is one of the most renowned hospital in China.

The earlier expansions of the hospital was driven by the of development of modern medical technology as well as the increasing municipal population. Despite the remarkable scales, most of these early expansions are hardly more than simple and urgent addition and extension of existing function to meet the rapidly increasing need for medical service. As a result, the functional layout of many floors are not well organized and streamlined for the operation of the hospital as a whole. For instance, the existing outpatient department is on the east side of Zhongshan Rd, connected with the main buildings of the hospital, which is on the west side, only through a narrow underground passageway, which makes extra inconvenience to both patients and staffs.

---

Architects: Lemanarc SA
Location: Zhongshan North Road & Drum Tower Square, Gulou, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
Architect In Charge: Vincent Zhengmao Zhang
Area: 230,000 sqm
Year: 2012
Photographs: Courtesy of Lemanarc SA

In the year 2004, in answering the rapidly surging demand for medical service by a larger and wealthier municipal population,  Drumtower hospital planned to implement a new expansion using a 32,000 sqm site between Zhongshan Rd. and Tianjin Rd. The expansion project will also be followed by a reorganization and overhaul of the existing layout and functions.

After many discussion and consultation with the hospital client, our design team led by Vincent Zhang helped in making a insightful long-term developing project. According to the project, a total of 2800 beds will be served, of which 1600 is provided by the new expansion. Daily outpatient is planned to reach 10,000 person. And the overall  gross floor area of the hospital is 230,00 m2

Scalewise, the project is in fact equal to the GFA of the 420m, 88-floor Jinmao Tower, the highest building of China back then. But contrary to the general expectation of a high rise hospital building, we made a seemingly surprising choice:  instead of stacking floors one upon another and resulting in a high floor area ratio, we decided to ‘lay it down’ to create a series of gardens at the floor area ratio of 5.2. Such preference for low rise building went squarely against the design trend at that time, which is dominated by the frenzy for skyscrapers. But seen at present, it is quite sure that we have made a right decision, for the low rise plan not only reduced the stress on vertical traffic—which is a constant trouble for large general hospitals, but also creates large areas of urban space with human scales.

But the benefits does not come for free. Indeed, by choosing a more scattered, low rise plan, the architects were facing various challenges: from  organizing the arrangement for the newly built areas, understanding and  analyzing the operation and rules of the hospital, to the planning of ideal operating model for the new hospital. And more importantly,  it requires us to reconsider the possibility of  inheriting the medical culture and explore the new identity of medical service. 

from  archdaily