* 색채의 모자이크가 도시의 마당이 될 때 [ MVRDV ] Woma, Wynwood, Miami

“도시는 콘크리트와 유리로 만들어지지 않는다. 관계로 만들어진다.” — 조지프 슈바르츠코프, Uribe Schwarzkopf CEO

MVRDV "prioritises human scale" in design of colourful Miami building


하나의 큰 건물을 동네의 여러 장면으로 나누는 법
마이애미 윈우드의 새 복합주거 Woma는 한 동의 큰 건물이 거리에서 어떻게 과도한 덩어리가 되지 않을 수 있는지를 묻는다. 네덜란드 건축사무소 MVRDV는 163세대의 주거와 근린 상업, 편의시설을 한 필지에 담되, 이를 단일한 외피로 봉합하지 않았다. 대신 서로 다른 높이와 폭을 지닌 블록을 층층이 쌓는다. 빨강·파랑·노랑·초록의 색면은 큰 프로그램을 인접한 여러 표정으로 풀어낸다.

이 전략은 단순히 화려한 입면을 만들려는 장치가 아니다. 벽체와 수직 멀리언, 스팬드럴의 폭과 패턴은 구획마다 다르다. 그래서 거리에서는 건물 전체보다 작은 단위가 먼저 읽힌다. 계획 렌더링에서 중앙의 짙은 청색 블록은 수직 리듬을 촘촘히 세우고, 좌우의 적색·황갈색 매스는 더 넓고 느슨한 격자를 드러낸다. 결과적으로 Woma의 외피는 하나의 파사드라기보다 각기 다른 옷감을 이어 붙인 직물에 가깝다. MVRDV가 말한 ‘텍스타일에서 영감 받은’ 입면은 패션 산업과 벽화 문화가 공존하는 윈우드의 시각 언어를 건축의 해상도로 번역한다.

블록을 쪼개고, 광장을 비워 넣다
Woma의 핵심은 색보다 비움에 있다. 건물은 중앙 광장을 중심으로 놓이며, 넓은 계단을 따라 블록 내부로 진입할 수 있다. 도로를 따라 늘어선 저층 상업과 아치형 출입구는 보행자의 진입점을 여럿 만든다. 그 사이의 안뜰은 통과와 체류가 겹치는 공동의 바닥이 된다.

거리에서 광장으로, 광장에서 주거와 상업으로 이어지는 이 순서는 개발의 내부를 폐쇄된 사유 영역으로 남기지 않으려는 태도로 읽힌다. 패션 디자이너 로시타 우르타도(Rosita Hurtado)의 본사는 황금빛 비늘 형태의 외피로 표시된다. 광장과 맞닿은 전면은 패션쇼가 가능한 장면으로 제시된다. 이때 건축은 패션을 장식으로 차용하는 데 머물지 않고, 패션의 전시·집합·이벤트가 일어나는 도시적 무대로 변한다.

다만 이 공공성은 현재 렌더링이 약속하는 수준에 머문다. 중앙 광장의 개방 시간, 소유·관리 방식, 상업시설의 구성, 행사 운영과 보행 동선의 충돌 여부는 제공된 자료만으로 확인할 수 없다. 광장이 진정한 근린의 거실이 되려면, 관통 동선과 프로그램의 접근성이 준공 뒤에도 유지되어야 한다.

단면으로 확장되는 생활의 층
상부에서는 물러난 매스가 테라스와 옥상 정원을 만든다. 녹화된 지붕 사이에는 수영장, 휴식 공간, 피클볼 코트가 흩어져 있고, 주거의 공동시설은 옥상까지 올라가 있다. 한 번에 솟는 타워 대신 여러 높이의 블록을 적층한 까닭은, 지붕을 건물의 끝이 아니라 생활의 연장으로 다루기 위해서다.

항공 렌더링은 이 단면적 전략을 선명히 보여 준다. 낮은 주택가와 접한 가장자리에서 매스는 계단식으로 물러나고, 그 틈마다 식재와 외부 활동 공간이 들어선다. 이는 주변의 작은 스케일을 존중하려는 형식적 응답으로 보인다. 동시에 저층 주거지와 고밀 개발지 사이에서 건물이 만들어낼 압박을 완화하려는 시도이기도 하다. 그러나 실제 일사와 바람, 식재의 유지관리, 녹화 지붕의 열환경 효과는 제시된 계획 자료만으로 검증할 수 없다.

색은 장식이 아니라 주소가 된다
Woma의 강점은 색을 독립된 그래픽으로 처리하지 않는 데 있다. 색은 매스의 분절, 창의 리듬, 돌출부의 그림자, 광장의 동선과 함께 작동한다. 어떤 부분은 두꺼운 외부 구조 요소가 비스듬히 교차하며 돌출부를 지지하는 듯 보이고, 어떤 부분은 금속 메시와 깊은 창턱이 빛을 잘게 쪼갠다. 서로 다른 표면은 건물을 하나의 상표처럼 고정하기보다, 보행자가 접근하는 방향마다 다른 주소와 장면을 제공한다.

그러나 이 복수성에는 위험도 있다. 외피의 색과 패턴이 충분히 오래된 재료성과 유지관리 계획을 갖추지 못하면, ‘인간적 스케일’은 빠르게 소모되는 이미지로 축소될 수 있다. 색채가 도시의 기억으로 남으려면 저층의 상업·광장·보행 흐름이 다양한 이용자를 받아들여야 한다. 수직으로 쌓인 주거의 사생활과 공용공간도 충돌 없이 작동해야 한다.

Woma는 대형 복합주거를 더 작게 보이게 만드는 프로젝트가 아니다. 오히려 큰 건물이 동네와 관계 맺는 방식을 여러 개의 문턱, 마당, 테라스, 색의 단위로 세분한다. 그 모자이크는 외관의 전략으로는 설득력이 있다. 이제 남은 과제는 이 계획된 다채로움이 준공 뒤에도 열려 있는 광장과 지속 가능한 생활의 밀도로 증명되는 일이다.

프로젝트 크레딧
설계: MVRDV
개발: Uribe Schwarzkopf
위치: 미국 플로리다주 마이애미 윈우드
용도: 복합주거 및 근린 상업
규모: 주거 163세대

Write by Claude & Jean Browwn

Dutch architecture studio MVRDV has designed the Woma mixed use building in Miami's Wynwood neighbourhood with a central plaza and a facade broken up into colour-blocked sections.

Developed by Uribe Schwarzkopf, a firm behind several recent high profile Quito buildings, Woma will have 163 residences in Wynwood, a former industrial district now known for its murals and entertainment facilities.

MVRDV designed the facade system to visually break up the building by using multiple different colours and varying the width and pattern of the spandrels and mullions.

This, according to MVRDV founding partner Jacob van Rijs, is meant to bring the building down to human scale.
"Woma is neighbourhood oriented not just visually but also functionally," van Rijs told Dezeen. "It prioritises human scale and pedestrian connectivity, while integrating abundant greenery, neighbourhood retail, amenities, and a diverse residential mix – becoming a place where people can meet, interact, and feel part of the community of Wynwood Norte."
The differently coloured sections were designed to give the building a more human scale.

The red, blue, yellow and green elements also reference the presence of the fashion business in the area. On top of the colours, some of the facades have been depicted with panels of scalloped mettalic mesh.

MVRDV said that, overall, the facade is "textile-inspired."

Furthering a relationship to fashion, the structure will also serve as a headquarters for Miami-based fashion designer Rosita Hurtado, who owns the site.

The entrance to her portion of the structure will be marked with a facade of golden, scale like elements, informed by Hurtado's fashion designs.

Formally, the structure will have various setbacks and cantilevers that reinforce MVDRV's description of the structure as a series of "stacked blocks."

The cantilevers showcase the thick external structural elements that slope and cross, giving the building a jagged exterior in places.


The building will be built around a central plaza.
A central plaza will be accessible by a wide staircase that abuts Hurtado's facade, allowing visitors to move through the block-wide structure. In the plaza and on street level, some of the building entrances will be arched.

Woma will have green roofs, some of which will serve as social areas, as well as a rooftop pool. It will also have a rooftop pickleball court.

A rooftop and setbacks will allow for outdoor pools and social areas.

from dezeen